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Main properties of hydraulic oil
Published Time:
2012-11-11
Hydraulic oil is used as a working medium in pneumatic-hydraulic boosting products, playing a role in transmitting and converting energy. It also lubricates, protects against corrosion, cools, and cleans various components within the pneumatic-hydraulic boosting equipment.
1. Appropriate viscosity, good viscosity-temperature characteristics
Viscosity is the primary factor when selecting hydraulic oil. Under the same working pressure, excessively high viscosity increases the movement resistance of hydraulic components, increasing pipeline pressure drop and power loss; if the viscosity is too low, it will increase the volumetric loss of the oil tank, increase leakage within components, and thin the oil film of sliding parts, reducing bearing capacity and causing atomization and spillage from the exhaust port.
2. Good lubricity (anti-wear properties)
Hydraulic systems have numerous moving parts that require lubrication to prevent wear on relatively moving surfaces, especially in high-pressure hydraulic equipment, where the requirements for the anti-wear properties of hydraulic oil are much higher.
3. Good oxidation resistance
Hydraulic oil also oxidizes during use. The acidic substances produced by the oxidation of hydraulic oil increase the corrosiveness to metals, and the resulting sludge deposits can clog filters and small gaps, causing the pneumatic-hydraulic cylinder to malfunction. Therefore, good oxidation resistance is required.
4. Good shear stability
Because hydraulic oil undergoes intense shear action when passing through the oil tank, valve throttles, and gaps, some large polymer molecules such as viscosity improvers break down into smaller molecules, reducing viscosity. When the viscosity decreases to a certain extent, the oil becomes unusable, so good shear stability is required.
5. Good rust and corrosion protection
During use, hydraulic oil inevitably comes into contact with moisture and air, and the acidic substances produced by oxidation can cause metal rust and corrosion, affecting the normal operation of pneumatic-hydraulic products. The hydraulic oil used in Jili Company's pneumatic-hydraulic products is generally replaced every six months.
6. Good anti-foaming and air release properties
In the air-oil conversion tank, because air bubbles mixed in the oil circulate with the oil, it not only reduces the system pressure and worsens the lubrication conditions, but also produces abnormal noise and vibration. In addition, air bubbles increase the contact area between oil and air, accelerating oil oxidation. Therefore, hydraulic oil is required to have good anti-foaming and air release properties.